STUDY OF URBAN POOR AND ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC HOUSING IN NIGERIA
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STUDY OF URBAN POOR AND ACCESSIBILITY TO PUBLIC HOUSING IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The housing status of the urban poor is a major cause of worry in Nigeria, as it is in the majority of less developed countries (LDCs). However, as studies have shown, the housing problem is a universal one, with practically all countries struggling to provide adequate housing for their populations.
In Nigeria’s urban areas, it has reached an alarming level, with about 75 percent of urban people living in slums and in conditions insulting to human dignity. Despite government actions in housing supply and private sector participation, the issue of the urban poor has not been satisfactorily addressed.
CHAPITRE ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY AND BACKGROUND
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
Housing is vital to human survival, yet it is a mirage that must be addressed urgently. Olotuah is one of man’s top three necessities. Its provision (2009) has recognised that the price discrepancy has always been of major importance to man.
As a unit of the quantity of housing on the one hand and the number of households and the money available to them to pay for health, efficiency, social behaviour, satisfaction, and these prices on the other, housing constitutes the central problem general welfare of the community.
It reflects the architecture. The price at which houses hit the market reflects a society’s cultural, social, and economic values, and it goes a long way towards determining affordability. Where the unit of the best historical evidences of civilization has an excessively high cost of housing.
According to Okupe and country, housing is very important since it stimulates the Windapo the gap between income and housing costs in the national economy. Housing is a collection of long-term assets.
Housing delivery is a highly contentious and politicised topic in Nigeria that concerns administrators, experts, and the general public. Over the last few decades, the influx of people into urban areas, natural population growth, and inadequate government responses have all contributed to the country’s deteriorating housing situation,
to the point where economic development and citizen welfare have suffered. These issues are exacerbated in cities, which have massive housing supply shortfalls, deteriorating housing conditions, high housing costs, and a growth of slums and squatter settlements.
Despite a variety of new policies, programmes, and initiatives implemented by the public and private sectors to address this issue, the housing crisis continues to worsen in many developing countries.
In many less-developed countries in Africa, Asia, and South America, the majority of persons in need of housing are low-income, and some require special housing programmes to live in adequate homes.
Because market solutions and funding may not be ideal for housing this type of individuals, and given the critical role housing plays in any nation’s socioeconomic and political growth, governments in these countries have been active in public housing provision over the years.
In light of the foregoing, the study investigates the accessibility of the urban poor to public housing in Nigeria, using Ijora-Badia, Lagos State, as a case study.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Housing challenges in Nigeria, as in many other developing countries around the world, are multifaceted. Over the years, the challenges of population explosion, continual influx of people from rural to urban areas, and a lack of basic infrastructure essential for a reasonable level of living have exacerbated housing concerns.
A number of obstacles are impeding the provision of homes for the urban poor in Nigeria. High rates of urbanisation and population increase, a lack of appropriate monitoring and assessment of public housing policies and programmes,
a lack of simple access to land and other housing inputs, and the high cost of imported building materials are among the obstacles. As a result, Nigerian public housing has been chastised for failing to establish visible and sustainable housing production, distribution, and purchase mechanisms to fulfil rising housing demand, particularly among low-income earners.
1.3 GOAL AND OBJECTIVES
The study’s goal is to look into the urban poor’s access to public housing in Nigeria.
The following goals were set in order to attain the aforementioned goal:
To investigate the utilisation of local building materials as an inexpensive housing option for the urban poor in the research area.
To investigate housing difficulties and demands of low-income earners, as well as the actions of private developers in the study region,
To examine the public sector’s involvement in housing in the study region.
To critically assess the influence on the general population, particularly the urban poor
1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The data for the study will be gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include administering a well-structured questionnaire, conducting interviews with respondents, and personally seeing the research.
Meanwhile, secondary data will be gathered from academic and professional journals, the internet, textbooks, and other sources.
1.5 STUDY OBJECTIVES
This study looks at the level of access to public housing for the urban poor. Government has been negligent in providing homes for the urban poor over the years. In most cases, dwellings reported to be built by government housing organisations appear to be unaffordable to impoverished individuals,
making the government’s effort to provide housing unfeasible. As a result, the focus of this study is limited to the Ijora Badia axis of Lagos State, where access to quality housing is found to be lacking.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
In a study of this sort, one is certain to confront a number of challenges in obtaining the required data that would satisfy the expected standard. Of course, the research includes the use of both primary and secondary data, and some problems were encountered.
Financial and time restrictions are among them. Another major issue that cannot be overstated is the high expense of transportation incurred during data collecting.
1.7 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Because there has been little research in this field, this study will be valuable to many areas of the economy. Thus, government entities tasked with housing provision will find this study beneficial since it will identify the obstacles linked with the failure of government housing delivery schemes.
The general public will also be informed about the reasons why government projects and policies aimed at delivering affordable housing frequently fail to see the light of day.
Finally, students conducting research on a related issue will find this study valuable as a source of material for their write-up.
1.8 DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
1.8.1 PUBLIC HOUSING: Public housing is a type of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a central or local government entity. Social housing is an umbrella word for rental housing that is owned and managed by the government, non-profit organisations, or a combination of the two, with the goal of providing inexpensive accommodation.
Social housing can also be viewed as a possible solution to housing disparity. Some social housing organisations build for sale, primarily in Spain and, to a lesser extent, elsewhere.
Although the general purpose of public housing is to offer inexpensive housing, the specifics, language, definitions of poverty, and other distribution criteria vary depending on the setting.
1.8.2 ACCESSIBILITY: The design of products, equipment, services, or surroundings for individuals with impairments is referred to as accessibility.[1] The notion of accessible design and accessible development practise ensure both “direct access” (i.e., unassisted) and “indirect access,” which means compatibility with a person’s assistive equipment (for example, computer screen readers).
The “ability to access” and benefit from a system or entity is referred to as accessibility. The notion focuses on providing access for people with disabilities or special needs, or on providing access through the use of assistive technology; nonetheless, accessibility research and development benefits everyone.
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