THE EFFECT OF LEARNING MATERIAL ON PUPILS' ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, NIGERIA.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 STUDY BACKGROUND
According to Coombs (1970), education has two components: inputs and outputs. Inputs are human and material resources, and outputs are the educational process's goals and outcomes. Both the input and output form a dynamic organic whole, and if the educational system is to be investigated and assessed in order to improve its performance, the effects of one component on the other must be investigated.
According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD) Programme for International Pupil Assessment (PISA), resource constraints impede instruction and lower pupil performance (OECD, 2007). Furthermore, disparities in pupil educational performance frequently reflect disparities in school resources (OECD, 2008).
According to Johan (2004), educational outcomes in schools are inextricably linked to the utilization and adequacy of teaching and learning resources in various ways; poor utilization, underutilization, and unqualified educators result in low educational achievement.
The inadequacy of physical and material resources in schools is a major factor influencing student learning outcomes. Schools with insufficient facilities, such as workshops, laboratories, classrooms, and teaching and learning materials, are unlikely to achieve good results.
Likoko, Mutsotso, and Nasongo (2013) conducted a study on the adequacy of instructional materials and physical facilities and their effect on the quality of teacher preparation in secondary schools in Enugu state, and Mbaria (2006) conducted a study on the relationship between learning resources and performance in primary schools in Kano state.
All of the preceding studies show that learning materials are more abundant in high-performing schools than in low-performing schools, and that there is a significant difference in resource availability between high-performing and low-performing schools.
Also, most institutions face challenges such as a lack of adequate facilities such as libraries and inadequate instructional materials, which have a negative impact on the quality of students produced. As a result, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of learning materials on students' academic performance in private primary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria.
1.2 THE PROBLEM'S STATEMENT
Learning materials are the most visible components of government educational provision, and stakeholders frequently note their absence. Learning materials are critical to the teaching and learning process, as well as the academic performance of students. This requires adequate learning materials to be provided in private primary schools. Primary schools face a slew of issues, including inadequate learning materials provision as a result of poor planning.
1.3 THE STUDY'S OBJECTIVES
The study's goal is to look into the impact of learning materials on student performance in private primary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council.
To ascertain how the availability of teaching and learning materials used in teaching and learning in private primary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council affects the performance of students.
To determine how human resource sufficiency affects pupil performance.
To evaluate the extent of resource utilization and its impact on student performance.
1.4 QUESTIONS FOR RESEARCH
The study's research questions are as follows:
In what ways does the availability of learning materials in Abuja Municipal Area Council's private primary schools affect students' performance?
How does a lack of human resources affect students' performance?
What is the extent of resource utilization in Abuja Municipal Area Council's private primary schools?
The study sought to assess the impact of learning materials on pupil performance in Abuja's private primary schools, with the hope that the findings will be useful to various institutions and education authorities involved in policy formulation, development, and implementation.
It is also hoped that the study will contribute to the literature on the availability of learning materials, assisting education evaluators in establishing ongoing education quality monitoring networks and improvement processes, guiding teachers to improve use of learning materials by using instructional strategies for appropriate curriculum delivery, and thus informing teacher education policies.
1.6 THE STUDY'S LIMITATIONS
Limitations are factors that may have an impact on the study (Nachmias & Nachmias, 2009). Because the study aims to determine the impact of learning materials on pupil performance, respondents were hesitant to share information about the adequacy of resources in their schools in relation to performance because they mistook the researcher for a fault-finding mission. However, the researcher went to the schools and explained that the study was only for academic purposes.
1.7 DEFINITIONS OF IMPORTANT TERMS
This section defines all significant terms that were used in the study.
Academic qualification refers to a teacher's highest level of education.
Making education affordable or available to the targeted groups is referred to as access.
Adequacy refers to the availability of sufficient learning materials for the teaching and learning processes.
Assessing learning materials or evaluating the nature and quality of school resources is what assessment is all about.
The term “effectiveness” refers to making the best use of the resources available.
Finance is the management of revenue used to pay for educational materials in schools.
The ability to affect or have an effect on something is referred to as influence.
All human and nonhuman resources that aid in the teaching and learning process are referred to as learning materials.
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THE EFFECT OF LEARNING MATERIAL ON PUPILS' ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN THE ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL, NIGERIA.