WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING APPLICATIONS
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WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING APPLICATIONS
Chapter one
1.0 Introduction
The need for a healthy environment and the survival of the human species has prompted researchers to take up the fight against global warming and desertification. This became necessary since they had a significant negative influence on both environmental life and the world economy.
The resulting effect may be difficult to manage if there are no ideal methods for determining their realistic rate of rise and moderating. To address the current issues of monitoring biodiversity and climate change, it is critical to reduce the load on natural systems.
Because of the intricate relationships between ecosystems and human activities, it is critical to improve quality of life by utilising available technology to monitor biodiversity activities.
To meet the problems that it poses to ecological life, highly sensitive and dependable technology such as sensors are required to acquire real-time data on the state of a given environment.
However, such dynamic sensors for data collecting must be connected in a network for easy communication with a central data repository (base station, or BS) in order to check for redundancy and aggregation based on similarities to void error reading analysis. WSN can be used as a platform to collect and analyse ecological data.
WSN has critical applications such as remote monitoring and target tracking [1]. It is typically characterised by dense deployment and huge scale in resource-constrained contexts [2].
The systems are battery-powered and set to perform processing functions such as data collecting and storage, as well as energy sensor optimisation.
Energy constraint is a key challenge in WSN design since it has a significant impact on network operation success. Over the years, researchers have used WSNs in a variety of fields, including military surveillance, energy management, earthquake detection, and ecological data mining.
However, for successful environmental monitoring, guaranteed quality of service (QoS) and fast access to real-time online data in WSNs remain unanswered concerns.
2
1.1 Statement of Problem
It is impossible to overstate the importance of having remote access to real-time ecological data. As a result, given the limited storage space of WSN nodes, traditional methods of collecting and storing large amounts of biodiversity data are useless.
The current state of the art in real-time biodiversity data collection systems does not include real-time data synchronisation with a cloud service. Because of the restricted storage capacity, as data expands, the style of data visualisation, administration, and analysis becomes complex and prone to errors. Failure detection and fault tolerance are not yet implemented, and information about failed sensor nodes is not available remotely.
1.2 GOAL
The goal of this project is to establish a robust WSN for the Environmental Monitoring Application of Ecological Data (Biodiversity).
1.3 Specific Objectives
i. Set up a cloud storage service to collect real-time biodiversity data (temperature and humidity) and synchronise it with the BS and cloud infrastructure.
ii. Develop and implement a communication protocol for collecting tracking data.
iii. To investigate data collecting and aggregation strategies that take into account information similarity and redundancy.
iv. Create a remote web application service for monitoring real-time sensor node failures.
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