RESPONSIBILITY OF COMPANIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR HOST COMMUNITIES
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Introduction Context of the Research
Profit maximization was viewed as the primary mission and overarching economic motive of all business enterprises. Little or no consideration was given to the fact that, in pursuit of their profit objective, business enterprises must assemble resources from their local environment and have a stable sociopolitical and investment climate in order to operate successfully. If businesses depend on society for survival, it is only logical that this environment be assimilated and fostered to maintain its longevity. In this sense, the modern business manager’s perspective has shifted to reflect the increasing interconnectedness between firms and their environments. There is a growing consensus that businesses should actively contribute to the well-being and environment in which they operate and profit.
However, the purpose of founding a firm is to supply consumers and society with competitive goods and services. This does not mean, however, that their commitment to the people, particularly the host community where the enterprise is located and operated, has been fulfilled. Although there is no regulation dictating what services the host community must receive from the business, it is morally obligated to provide at least for the host. This is accomplished by the construction of appropriate access roads, the provision of potable water for home use, and the provision of power to the local populace. Other types of services that could be provided for the youth of that town, in addition to the supply of gainful jobs for college graduates.
There are many other services from which the host community can benefit, such as the provision of safety measures against air or water pollution. On the other side, the firm also depends on the local population for continuous patronage and for assuring the safety of its non-native personnel and their property.
According to Ango (2012), “business is a component of society; as such, it must adhere to the society’s fair requirements because their relationship is paramount and reciprocal (business needs society just as much as society needs business).” The objective of this study will therefore be to evaluate the impact of corporations on the growth of their host towns.
STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
To render services according to cost-benefit criteria, the Nigerian Organization system is now driven by advanced competition brought about by MTNbalization, deregulation of financial services, recent proliferation of Multinational Company, Chief Executives, and astronomical advancements in Information and Communication Technology (ICT), among others. This has also had an effect on the purchasing patterns of organization customers, while a growing number of stakeholders’ requests for transparent information about Nigeria’s social and environmental performance have elevated the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR).
Corporate Social Responsibility is perceived by Nigerian organizations as corporate philanthropy aimed at tackling socio-economic development concerns. Nonetheless, some businesses use CSR as a technique of increasing market share, evading taxes, and developing a competitive strategy. Nevertheless, it is evident that despite the practice of CSR by Nigerian businesses, the communities in which they operate remain backward in terms of employment, opportunity, social welfare, infrastructure development, etc.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE
This study’s primary purpose is to evaluate the impact of corporations on the growth of their host towns. However, the study will seek to achieve the following precise goals:
To establish the connection between Business Ethics and domestic social welfare
To understand how organization rivalry contributes to the improvement of societal welfare.
RESEARCH QUESTION
The research aims to answer the following questions:
What is the connection between Business Ethics and the social wellbeing of the host communities?
How can organizational rivalry help to the improvement of social welfare?
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
It is hoped that the study of corporate responsibility will benefit not only students’ businessmen, government, customers, community, stockholders, and academics, but also the entire society. The study also highlights the problem related with social responsibility and uses the analysis to enhance working conditions, thereby reducing the challenges associated with social responsibility conflicts within the company and its environment.
Lastly, the study informs the general public of the necessity of effective corporate social responsibility not just for the corporation, but also for the larger society.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Traditional research methods include survey research, experimental research, and Ex Post Facto analysis. Nonetheless, more non-conventional research methodologies include non-participant and participant observation, action process, axitology, and axiotology (Otokiti, 2005). Depending on the aims of the research and the accompanying challenges, the use of one or a combination of two or more research methods is required. This investigation consequently utilized a variety of methodologies. This study will thus employ different methodologies, including survey and observation. Information will be acquired via structured questionnaires (closed-ended questionnaires to prevent respondents from deviating from predicted responses) and in-depth interviews. In addition to primary data, relevant secondary data such as the CSR report of the firm over time, books, journals, and published articles on Corporate Social Responsibility and Community development in Nigeria were utilized. The established design permit for review and modifications to the research technique for gathering relevant data will determine the cross-sectional nature of this study (i.e the questionnaires will be distributed once).
POPULATION OF THE STUDY
The study population is very large, so sample determination was used, because the population is greater than 30, and in that case, we study a portion of the population using random sampling, which leads to sample size determination. Consequently, we divided the population into two, (the organization and its customers), and chose to use one organization in Ilorin (Mtn Nig Ltd) as the sample organization. Due to time and other constraints, it has not been possible to reach the entire population; therefore, a sample size of 133 was chosen to serve as an accurate representation of the population.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES
This study’s sample size is 133, comprised of MTN subscribers and MTN Nig Ltd workers ranging from (top executives, senior and junior staff) who were selected at random. Due to the need for analysis, stratified sampling was also utilized to choose participants by collecting a series of simple random samples from each strata. Staff and subscribers of MTN were therefore designated as two distinct strata. In the first strata of stratified random selection, which consists of the personnel, 20%, or 40 employees, were randomly selected, while the second strata consists of 80%, or 160 subscribers of MTN Nig Ltd.
SOURCES OF DATA AND PROCEDURE FOR DATA COLLECTION
The data collection utilized both primary and secondary sources. The majority of the primary data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. The study’s questionnaires were administered to 133 participants. Secondary data information regarding the contributions of CSR and Community Development was acquired from the MTN CSR report, relevant data from text books, and extra data from the University Library, Internet, and other sources. The stratified sampling method was utilized for the study’s respondent selection. Because the study population is not homogeneous, this strategy was adopted. Consequently, they were grouped into strata, and then responses were selected at random.
RESEARCH APPARATUS
Due to the nature of this study, a combination of interview and questionnaire were chosen as research instruments. A well-structured questionnaire was created and utilized to collect data primarily from MTN subscribers and the executive, senior, and junior management personnel of the MTN Nigeria Ltd Ilorin branch in Taiwo Ilorin, Kwara State. NT OF THEIR HOST COMMUNITIES
RESPONSIBILITY OF COMPANIES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR HOST COMMUNITIES
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