Get Expert Project Writers for Business Education Research: Best Education Academic Writer

Business Education is where teaching, entrepreneurship, management, and vocational training intersect. Your research project, therefore, needs to exhibit both theoretical awareness and practical applicability. Most students soon find that knowing all this is not quite the same as having to put it all into a properly structured, well-referenced academic report. And that’s when the stress sets in.

This is precisely where expert assistance from a Business Education research project writer can prove to be a lifesaver.

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Whether you’re struggling to locate a suitable subject, stumped on methodology, or simply stuck on Chapter Two, we’re here. Don’t do it by yourself. There’s no shame in taking help—especially when it could mean the difference between a rushed, mediocre project and one that receives your supervisor’s highest praise.

Our Expertise in Business Education

Our Business Education project writers are aware of these expectations. We don’t just know the subject matter—we live it. Whether instructional methodologies and curriculum development, entrepreneurial education, or educational technology, we provide writing services that are sensitive to current academic and industry trends.

Some projects students have approached us for help with previously include:

• The role entrepreneurship education plays in a decrease in graduate unemployment
• The impact of utilizing ICT tools on the teaching of business subjects at secondary level
• Issues in introducing business education curriculum in Nigerian colleges
• Comparative analysis of the academic performance of male and female students in business studies
• Teacher effectiveness and academic performance of students in bookkeeping

Each project is tailored to your department’s specific needs. We’re not delivering generic templates—we’re delivering customized academic solutions you can be proud of.

Support for All Academic Levels

If you’re pursuing your B.Sc., B.Ed., PGDE, or M.Ed. in Business Education, we offer services that are attuned to your level and institutional requirements. Undergrads often require support with structure and referencing, while postgraduates may need help with research design, data analysis, or journal-style presentation. Whatever your requirements, our attention is student-centered and academic-focused.

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Proposal to Dissertation Support

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Topic Selection – Don’t know what to write about? We will help you choose current, researchable, and department-approved Business Education topics.

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Some of the tools and frameworks we use include:

• Education Theories – Constructivism, Behaviorism, Bloom’s Taxonomy, Experiential Learning (Kolb), etc.
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• Entrepreneurship Models – Lean Startup, SWOT Analysis, Business Model Canvas
• Data Collection Tools – Structured questionnaires, lesson plan ratings, teacher interviews
• Statistical Analysis Software – SPSS, Microsoft Excel, and basic inferential statistics (t-tests, ANOVA, correlation)

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THE SYNERGY FOR SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF COMPANIES IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

Economic circumstances like the recession and cut-throat competition in recent years have now forced companies to pay closer attention to their corporate policies and strategies for dealing with economic opportunities and for remaining one step ahead of competition.

This is true for the highly industrialized economies as it is for less developed countries where multinational, transnational and local companies compete vigorously with one another for market share and for good corporate image, by identifying and in some cases helping to shape public policy for the greater good of the communities in which they operate.

This thesis focused on Legal and Management Strategies: The Synergy for Survival and Growth of Companies in Nigeria. It is comprised of five chapters beginning with general introduction, objectives of the research, justification, scope, methodology, literature review, and organizational layout.

The thesis explains the nexus between finance and investment by defining finance and investment, and, highlighting the objectives and significance of finance, investment scenario, investment fora, government policy and provisions investors, sources of finance, government banks and other financial institutions, general public and company employees.

Also the thesis indicates determinants of company survival, for example, the quality of resources – human resources, material resources, financial resources, the quality of resource management, damage and waste control systems, the

quality of time and opportunity management, contingency and emergency management, determinants of company growth, internalization of technology, in-house development of human resources: in-service training, incentives for skill enhancement and creation of credit worthiness.

The thesis appraises survival and growth of three successful companies, such as Unilever Nigeria Plc, Neimeth International Pharmaceutical Plc and GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Nigeria Plc and recommends survival and growth strategies for companies in Nigeria.

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CHAPTER ONE

GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1       BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The Nigerian economy has passed through a series of phases in its history from the pre and post-colonial stages of boom, recession and depression at various times over the years to present day. At each of these stages, the various sectors of Nigerian economy have had to contend with whatever situation or stage, the over-all national economy might be at that given point in time.

During periods of boom, an economy experiences buoyancy, and citizens have high standard of living and an era of merriment while during recession or depression, the situation changes as most sectors of the economy experience a decline and, the populace, a lowering of the standard of living.

What this means, both, for the private and public business sectors of the economy, is adjustment and re-adjustment to match the situation. Business operation and strategies change according to the dictates and tempo of the economy.

Both short and long term objectives of business are reappraised and re-designed in accordance with any given situation. The word ‘company’ has been defined by various writers and judicial authorities. However, all make a references to group, economic or business interests. Webster’s Dictionary1 describes a ‘company’ as: a number of people united in an industrial or commercial enterprise, for example a firm of partners. 15

According to Collin’s Dictionary2, a company is a group of people organized to buy or sell or provide service which has been legally incorporated and so is a legal entity from its individual members. A ‘company’ according to Osborn’s Concise

Law Dictionary3, means an association of persons formed for the purpose of some business or undertaking carried on in the name of the association, each member having the right of assigning his shares to any other person, subject to the regulation of the company.

Companies are either incorporated or unincorporated. An incorporated company is an entity distinct from its members. Companies are incorporated either: (1) by Charter; (2) by Special Act of Parliament; or (3) by registration under one of the public general Acts relating to companies.

In the case of Smith v. Anderson4, the learned Judge, Pace James L.J said that ‘company’ is the result of an arrangement by which parties intend to form a partnership which is constantly changing,…

and with the intention that so far as the partners can by agreement between themselves bring about such a result, the new partners shall succeed to the assets and liabilities of the old partnership. Davies5 states, that, the term is used for people generally associated for economic purposes, even though not in all cases.

It is statutorily defined in section 567(1) of Companies and Allied Matters Act 20046 as ‘company’ or ‘existing company’ means “a company formed and registered under this Act or, as the case may be, formed and registered in Nigeria before and in existence on the commencement of this Act”.

A company is a legal entity formed for the purpose of conducting business that is separated from its owners, the shareholders. In Salomon v. Salomon & Co. Ltd7, Lord McNaghten, held that the company is at law a different person from the subscribers. Aniagolu JSC, in the case of Trenco (Nig) Limited v. African Real Estate Limited8, states inter alia, that, though a company is a legal entity and has an independent legal personality, it is of course, an artificial person or entity and

THE SYNERGY FOR SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
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ABSTRACT

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have proven to be extremely beneficial to the educational sector over the years. Computers, the internet, projectors, and other similar technologies are examples of such technologies. This study looks into the effectiveness and consistency of ICT use among business education undergraduates.

This study was restricted to the University of Lagos (UNILAG) and Lagos State University (LASU). The sample population consisted of 200 business undergraduates from the two universities mentioned above. In order to analyze the data, the Chi-square statistical tool was used. The following recommendations were made:

The administrations of the University of Lagos (UNILAG) and Lagos State University (LASU) ensure that more ICT tools are provided for the school in order to accommodate the school’s ever-growing population of students. Because

business education students at the two universities are making good use of the ICT facilities provided by their schools, the school administration should try to ensure that basic necessities such as electricity are always available. This would ensure continued use. The existing ICT facilities in those two universities should be constantly updated to ensure that their Business Education students can compete with their counterparts from other parts of the world.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 THE STUDY’S BACKGROUND

ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. They are a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate as well as create, disseminate, store, and manage information. Computers, the internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and television), and telephony are among these technologies (Volman,2005).

In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in how computers and the internet can be best used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of education at all levels and in both formal and non-formal settings (www.en.m.wikibooks.org).

However, ICTs are more than just these technologies; older technologies such as television, radio, and telephone, which are now receiving less attention, have a longer and richer history as instructional tools. Computers and the internet are still in their infancy in developing countries, owing to limited infrastructure and the attendant high cost of access. ICTs are causing rapid changes in society.

They have an impact on every aspect of life. The effects are becoming more visible in schools. ICTs give both students and teachers more opportunities to tailor teaching and learning to individual needs, and society is pressuring schools to respond appropriately to this technological innovation.

Tinio (2002) discusses the potential of ICTs in increasing access and improving the relevance and quality of education in developing countries. He went on to say that ICTs greatly facilitate the acquisition and absorption of knowledge, providing developing countries with unprecedented opportunities to improve educational systems,

improve policy formulation and implementation, and broaden the range of opportunities for business and the poor. One of the most difficult challenges faced by the poor and many others living in the poorest countries is a sense of isolation, and ICTs can open access to knowledge in previously unimaginable ways.

According to Watson (2001), ICTs have revolutionized the way people work today and are now transforming education systems. As a result, if schools train students with yesterday’s skills and technologies, they may be ineffective and unfit for the world of tomorrow.

This is a compelling reason for ICTs to gain global recognition and attention. For example, ICTs are dependable tools in facilitating the achievement of one of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which is the achievement of Universal Basic Education by 2015.

Former United Nations Secretary General Kofi Anan points out that in order to achieve the goal of Universal Primary Education by 2015, we must ensure that information and communication technologies open the door to education systems.

This demonstrates the growing demand for and importance of ICTs in education. Because ICTs allow students and teachers to tailor learning and teaching to individual needs, society is pressuring schools to respond appropriately to this technological innovation.

The use of ICT is making a significant difference in student learning and teaching methods. Over the last 20 years, schools in the Western world have made significant investments in ICT infrastructure, and students now use computers more frequently and for a broader range of applications (Volman, 2005). Several studies show that students who use ICT facilities learn more than those who do not.

ICT provides a variety of technical tools that improve the academic experience, allowing for greater variety, diversity, and organization in education. Business Education, like all other courses of study, provides a creative field in which the opportunities offered by ICT can be explored.

It goes without saying that businesses cannot thrive in the modern era without an informative and communicative edge, nor can business education graduates be globally competitive without being imbued with ICT skills. Against this backdrop, this researcher investigates the frequency and effectiveness of ICT use among business education students.

1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

It has been brought to the attention of business education stakeholders the invaluable importance of ICT tools such as computers, audio-visual equipment, internet access, and so on to the course. They are unsure, however, whether this technological opportunity is being most effectively and optimally exploited and explored.

Information Communication Tools are an essential part of business and business education, and their widespread use, particularly in recent years, is gradually being implemented in undergraduate training. Furthermore, many universities and

libraries in Nigeria are rapidly incorporating ICT tools such as computers and the internet into their programs for student use. The goal of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and consistency of ICT use among business education students.

1.3 STUDY OBJECTIVE

The following goals are being pursued by this research:

i. To reveal the degree of possession of ICT tools by undergraduate students in the institutions covered by this study, thereby predicting the spread and literacy of ICT among those students.

ii. To ascertain the extent to which business education students in those schools use the school’s ICT facilities.

iii. To ascertain the extent to which business education students use ICT facilities to supplement their studies.

iv. Determine how students can make better use of the ICT resources to which they have access.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

i. Are business education students adequately equipped with the ICT tools required for genuine academic growth and global competitiveness?

ii. Are business education students making adequate use of the school’s ICT resources?

iii. Are business education students making adequate use of ICT resources to supplement their studies?

iv. How can students in business education make better use of the ICT resources available to them?

1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

The following hypotheses were developed to achieve the study’s goal:

HYPOTHESIS ONE

H1: Business education students do not have enough ICT tools to help them with their studies.

HYPOTHESIS TWO

H2: Business education students do not make adequate use of the school’s ICT resources.

HYPOTHESIS THREE

H3: Business education students are not making adequate use of ICT resources to supplement their studies.

HYPOTHESIS FOUR

H4: Business education students are not fully utilizing the features of ICT tools.

1.6 STUDY LIMITATION

This study will primarily focus on business education students at the University of Lagos (UNILAG) and Lagos State University (LASU).

1.7 STUDY LIMITATIONS

The researcher was also hampered by intermittent power outages, which hampered certain observations.

1.8 THE STUDY’S IMPORTANCE

i. This research will expose the flaws in business education students’ use of ICT technologies.

ii. This research will help to open the eyes of business education students to the unexplored variety of opportunities that exist in ICT use.

iii. This research will also help business education students understand how to increase the impact of ICT on their studies.

1.9 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

i. Information Communication Technologies: In this study, this refers to the computer and internet connections used to handle and communicate information for learning purposes.

ii. E-learning: This is a learning program that uses an information network, such as the internet, an intranet (LAN), or an extranet (WAN), in whole or in part, for course delivery, interaction, and/or facilitation. Web-based learning is a subset of e-learning that refers to learning via an internet browser such as moodle, blackboard, or internet explorer (Tinio,2002)

iii. Blended learning: A learning model that combines face-to-face classroom practice with e-learning solutions. For example, a teacher may facilitate student learning in class and use the module (modular object oriented dynamic learning environment) to facilitate learning outside of class.

iv. Constructivism: This is a learning paradigm that views learning as a process. Individuals “construct” meaning or new knowledge based on their prior knowledge and experience (Johanssen, 2004). In contrast to the long-standing behaviorism view of learning, educators refer to it as emerging pedagogy.

v.Learner-centered learning environment: This is a learning environment that focuses on the skills, attitudes, and beliefs that learners bring to the learning process, with its impetus derived from the constructivism learning paradigm.

In the context of this article, it refers to a student’s personal involvement in the learning task through the use of a computer and/or an internet connection.

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THE ISSUE OF THE EFFECTIVENESS AND REGULARITY OF ICT USE AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION STUDENTS
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ABSTRACT

This study focused on investigating the impact of risk management on the performance of firms in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria within the period of 2007 to 2015. This study was carried out to investigate the impact of working capital management and investment capital management on firm’s performance in the manufacturing sector in Nigeria and to also ascertain which of working capital or investment capital is managed more, using working capital and investment capital as proxies for risk management while using a return on asset and return on equity as proxies for performance.

Secondary data were collected from the publicly available audited financial statement of the companies selected. Ordinary least Squares Regression was adopted in testing the relationship between risk management and performance of the seven companies respectively while descriptive analysis was done with the use of graphs in analyzing changes in the variables over time… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

A Risk may be defined as the probability of occurrence of an adverse event. Risk refers to the uncertainty that surrounds forthcoming events and outcomes. It is the expression of the likelihood and impact of an event with the potential to affect the achievement of an organization’s goals (Heinz, 2010). Risk can be seen as a state where there is a likelihood of a loss but also a hope of gain (Emma & Gabriel 2012). The term risk can also be defined and elucidated in many different ways depending on the aim and perspective of a discussion. Kaplan and Garrick (1981) stated that risk is a doubt joint with damage or a loss.

They mean that something that is indeterminate does not have to incur a risk; however, if an event is considered as both indeterminate and a loss is included, it can be defined as a risk. The Society for Risk Analysis (2012), defines as “The potential for realization of unwelcome, adverse consequences to human life, health, property, or the environment”. Since one would never jeopardize the loss if there were no chance of a win. To realize the existence of a risk, one must be aware of both the gains and losses incurred and therefore a risk can be reflected as individual and relative to the observer (Kaplan & Garrick, 1981).

All these definitions seek to make known that risk is to be seen as part of daily life, and the presence of risk in any environment should not be a problem but the focus should be on how those risks are being managed and in turn minimizing their potential effect… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Research Problem

In recent times, financial disasters in both financial and non-financial organizations have been witnessed. This, therefore, stress the need for numerous and wide approach in forms of risk management. A financial misadventure is not a new scene in the financial industry. Manufacturing firms and other financial institutions are supposed to meet the regulatory requirements for risk measurement. Commercial firm managers need adequate and reliable risk measures to reduce the risk of capital staying outside the set limits.

Therefore manufacturing firms managers need mechanisms to monitor and project on positions and adequate credit incentives for the best risk management by business divisions and individuals… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Research Objective

The goal of the study is to set up the relationship between risk administration and performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction

This chapter discusses the theoretical review of the study whereby the main theories on risk management will be discussed. The chapter also highlights the determinants of financial performance in manufacturing firms, Empirical review, and further conclusions on the chapter. The conclusion of this chapter will be on how this research intends to cover the knowledge gap and the ways in which this research paper intends to fill the knowledge gap.

Theoretical Review

The section covers the most applicable theories in risk management. The theories discussed are Modern Portfolio Theory, Moral Hazard Theory, and Merton’s default Risk Theory. We shall also discuss which theory we are going to base our research on.

Modern Portfolio Theory

The hypothesis of Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) is speculation set forth by Harry Markowitz in his paper. The hypothesis was distributed in 1952 by the Journal of Finance. The venture hypothesis depended on the possibility that risks disinclined financial specialists in the business can build portfolios to expand expected stock returns based on the level of market risks in speculation, understanding that risks are an inborn and huge piece of higher reward in the venture.

The hypothesis came to be among the most critical and noteworthy financial speculations in the realm of fund and venture. The hypothesis is additionally alluded to as a portfolio hypothesis and proposes that it is workable for financial specialists to build a proficient bleeding edge of ideal portfolios, which offers the most extreme and conceivable expected returns for a particular given level of risk. It encourages and recommends that for speculators, it is not sufficient just to center at the normal risks and stock return of one particular stock.

By putting resources into numerous stocks, a financial specialist can win in case of broadening, by diminishing the risks in the portfolio given. ‘This hypothesis consequently tries to measure the advantages of enhancement. For most investors, the risk part is that any return from an investment might be lower than the expected returns or put in other words, the variations from the expected stock returns. According to the theory, each stock has its own deviation from the stock mean. This standard deviation from the mean is called risk, (Markowitz, 1952)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Empirical Review

Internationally a good number of studies in the research area have been done; Mohd and Salina (2010) investigated the relationship between risk administration practices and financial execution of the Malaysian Islamic manufacturing firms. The period under study covered 2006 to 2008. In order to measure the risk administration practices, the researcher used five-component issues in regard to firm supervision practices as per the Basel committee.

The five components used in the study are namely, the firm Risk Management Environment, Policies and Procedures of the firm, Risk Measurement procedures, Risk Mitigation, firm Risk Monitoring, and firms Internal Control. The components mentioned were then linked with the mean of ROA and ROE. The study revealed that Islamic manufacturing firms with higher ROA and ROE tend to have better risk management practices.

The study focused only on the 5 independent variables as the risk management measures determining financial performance. This study, therefore, intends to focus on additional measures hence reducing the error term… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework can be defined as a tool used in the analysis of variables in a study. The conceptual framework is to show conceptual distinctions, processes or thoughts and organize the ideas in the study. Strong conceptual frameworks should capture the concepts in the study in a way that is real and easy to remember and apply.

The main objective of the Conceptual Framework in the study is to show and improve the understanding of the concept risk management by providing a more complete, clear and updated set of concepts such as the dependent and independent variables and the linkages (Tobin, J., Brainard, W., 1968)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

The research outline gives the wanted system to the information gathering and its examination Bryman and Bell, (2007), or it can be defined as the arrangement and structure of examination conveyed in order to acquire answers to research questions Cooper and Emory, (1995). This consequently implies it gives the methods fancied for getting the data expected to take care of the exploration issues.

The researcher utilized a subjective way to interview firm mangers in the risks division since they are experienced experts who were seen as a profound comprehension of the theme understudy

Population

The target population is defined as the group of individuals from which the study seeks to generalize it’s and concludes on its findings. The target population comprised of the forty-two (42) manufacturing firms as per appendix 1.

Data Collection

In order to get appropriate results, the study used both primary and secondary data. The purpose of using primary source data was to get a perception of factual information on issues of risk management by the manufacturing firms. The primary data for this study was collected using personally administered questionnaires as per appendix 2. The questionnaire was adapted from Khan and Ahmed (2001) and Ariffin et al. (2009)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS

Response Rate

The study targeted 42 manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Out of the target population, only 30 manufacturing firms filled the questionnaires and returned representing a response rate of  71%  which is within the recommended rates as per Mugenda’s (2003) accepted significant response rate for statistical data analysis which was established at a minimal of 50% as per the study.

The commendable response was realized after the researcher made an effort to remind the respondents to fill in the questionnaire and return. Out of the 30 manufacturing firms which responded, 9% represented public manufacturing firms, 21% foreign firm and 70% were local manufacturing firms. The response rate is represented in the graph below.

Source: Research Findings

Descriptive statistics

In the study, the risk management practices were analyzed as per risk procedures described in the questionnaire. The mean and standard deviations of the variables under study were also analyzed with an objective of examining the effects of risk administration practices on the performance of Nigerian manufacturing firms. The figures are given in the table 4.1 below

Table 4.1 Descriptive statistics

The table above shows the risk management… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND CONCLUSIONS

Summary

The study relied on both primary and secondary data to determine the relationship of risk management practices in Nigerian manufacturing firms. The study used statistics such as correlation analysis and regression analysis. The study showed that all the manufacturing firms in the study adopted and practiced good risk management practices with some showing need for improvements which scored as low as 1 point in the Likert rating. Capital adequacy is poorly implanted as per the research results… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Conclusions

This study has therefore concluded that adequate risk management practices in Nigerian manufacturing firms will lead to positive performance financially. This has been concluded from the correlation analysis of the variables in the study. The beta coefficients realized in the regression equation were all positive which is a clear indication that an increase in any of the risk management practices would lead to positive results in ROE ratio for the manufacturing firms… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Recommendation

From the findings in the study which were based on factual information from the firm Manager, we recommend the following; Nigerian manufacturing firms should expound their risk measurements techniques and adopt more technical and reliable measures so as to adequately manage the financial risks resulting from the increased financial innovations in the sector The financial innovations have been made a reality by use of advanced information techniques… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

REFERENCES

Ariffin, N.N. (2003).Risk Management Practices and Financial Performance of Islamic Manufacturing firms. Malaysian Evidence. Unpublished MBA project, University of Malaysia

Boehm, B. & R. Turner (2003).Using Risk to Balance Agile and Plan-Driven Methods. IEEE Computer, 36(6), 57-66.

Bruegge, B. & A. H. Dutoit (2000). Object-Oriented Software Engineering: Conquering Complex and Changing Systems. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall

Carey, A. A. (2001).Effective Risk Management in Financial Institutions: The turnbull approach. Journal of Applied Business Research, 9(3), 24 – 27

Cameron, A.K. & Trivedi, K. (2005). Services Offered by Manufacturing firms. Macmillan Publishers Limited

Central Firm of Nigeria, (2013).Risk Management Guidelines. Retrieved on 15 July 2016 at www.centralfirmofNigeria.go.ke

Central Firm of Nigeria, (2015).Risk Supervisory Report. Retrieved on 15 July 2016 at www.centralfirmofNigeria.go.ke

Forbes, K.J. (2002). How Do Large Depreciations Affect Firm Performance? IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, 49(1), 214-238.

Gregory, S. H. & Richard, M. C. (1998). What not Survey of Financial Risk Management by Non-Financial Firms. Financial Management, 27(5), 70-91.

Gurbuz, A.O, Aybars A, & Kutlu, O. (2010). Corporate governance and financial performance with a perspective on institutional ownership: empirical evidence from Turkey. Application of Management Accounts, 8, 21- 38

Ismi, A. (2004). Impoverishing a Continent: The World Firm and the IMF in Africa.

Iqbal, J. & Brooks, R. D. (2007). A test of CAPM on Karachi Stock Exchange. International Journal of Business, 12, 429-444.

Kariuki, J.K. (2015). Research on Financial Markets and Policy. Nigeria Firmers Association. WPS 01/15

Kamau, P.N. (2010). Research on adoption of risk management by manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Unpublished MBA project, School of Business, University of Nairobi

Kithinji, K.M. (2010). Research on Credit Risk Management and Profitability of Manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Unpublished MBA project, School of Business, University of Nairobi

Lerner, J. (2002). Where Does State Street Lead? A First Look at Finance Patents, 1971-2000. Journal of Finance, 57(2), 929-930.

Love, B. & Rachinsky, A. (2007).Corporate Governance Indices and Firms’ Market Values: Time Series Evidence from Russia, Emerging Mark Review, forthcoming.

Markowitz, H. 1. (1959). Portfolio selection: Efficient diversification of investments. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Merton, R. C., (1992). Financial Innovation and Economic Performance. Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, (4), 12-22.

(Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

(Get the Complete Chapter One To Five Project Material)

ABSTRACT

The world is experiencing a new global economic order which is characterized by information and communication technologies for information management.

A whole tremendous change is taking place in which the spread of knowledge has given rise to an era of knowledge and information. Hence the purpose of this thesis is to examine the general characteristics of (SME) Small and Medium Scale Enterprises and explore the impact of management information technology utilization on (SME) Small and medium scale enterprise performance in Nigeria.

The research was executed in Nassarawa state and a survey research approach of the data collection was used to gather information from 371 respondents while graphs, charts, frequency, and percentage for descriptive data presentation and data interpreted using the T-test method to prove the hypothesis… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The business world has been impacted by a variety of changes. The population have been growing rapidly; markets have been expanding often to the multinational level; customer expectations have been rising and expanding, government demands have been multiplying, social responsibility, ecological concern, and public institutions have been growing. As might expect, such changes are creating intensive competitive pressure, posing complex decision situations, and squeezing available resources.

Organizations have responded in various ways diversifying goods and services rearranging organizational structures. Incorporating new technology, community action programs, and last but not least re-examine information systems (Oranu, 2008). Business managers today, are much more concerned about the effect of competition than they were even a few years ago.

They must react to the competitive threats not only from local sources but also from regional, national, and international sources; likewise, they must seek to explore all opportunities that are available in the immediate, national and Global environment (Ahmed, 2009).

According to Bochm, (2011), Deregulation has also increased competitive pressure for organizations to survive, grow, and prosper. In such a competitive environment, managers must employ a lot of the resources at their disposal as efficiently as possible so as to accomplish the objectives and goals of the enterprise.

Management Information System provides information in the form of reports and displays to managers and many business professionals. For example sales managers may use their networked computer and web browser to get instantaneous displays about the sales results of their daily sales analysis report to evaluate sales made by each sales personnel.

Management Information System also takes into account the integrative nature of information flow as well as the structuring of the organization around decision centers. Standards of performance are part of any good plans; hence, the determination of standards like other aspects of the planning process depends on the availability of relevant management information systems (Bodenstab, 2017).

Therefore, the management information system aids the functioning and monitoring of an organization. It also describes the components and resources to ensure the proper functioning of an organization… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Statement of the Research Problem

In this turbulent era, organizations strive to improve their competitiveness by enhancing productivity, innovation, quality, and flexibility of services at the individual and organizational levels.  However, it has been observed by Alabi (2000) that there is the inadequacy of MIS equipment (facilities) in the Nigerian business organization, with slightly higher adequacy in SME.

Fabunmi and Isah (2004) identified personnel quantity and quality, lack of basic infrastructure as requirements for attaining efficiency in Management Information Systems (MIS) activities in business organizations… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Research Objectives

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of management information systems in the business industry. Specifically, the study is to:

1. Determine the contribution of MIS to the Growth and Development of SMEs in Nigeria… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Significance of the Study

• Organizational Administration

The business administration would derive tremendous benefits from the results of the study. The principal officers of the organization could use the MIS to provide reliable, accurate, and timely information to make sound and accurate decisions towards the effective management of the business organization.

Information relating to planning, admissions, recruitment, and financial matters could be easily and timely accessed and retrieved from the MIS Database to enhance decision- making. The study would also be beneficial to the organization staff as information relating to every staff in the organization could be easily obtained… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction

To properly understand the concept of Management Information System (MIS) There is a need to understand the meaning of management and information system. Management Information System (MIS) is a formal system for providing management with accurate and timely information necessary for decision making.

Management is usually defined as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling business operation. This is in line with the definition given by Henri (2002), which stated that management is “the process of allocating an organization’s inputs, including human and economic resources, by planning, organizing, directing, and controlling for the purpose of producing goods or services desired by customers so that organizational objectives are accomplished.

If management has knowledge of the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the business, its decision can be made on the basis of facts, and decisions are more accurate and timelier as a result”. The information enables us to determine the need to create new products and services. Information tells us to move into new markets or to withdraw from other markets (Remi, 2003)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Conceptual Framework

• Concept of Management Information System (MIS)

Lawrence (2005) defines an information system as an “a computer system that provides management and other personnel within an organization with up-to-date information regarding the organization’s performance; for example, current inventory and sales. It is usually linked to a computer network, which is created by joining different computers together in order to share data and resources. It is designed to capture, transmit, store, retrieve, manipulate, and or display information used in one or more business processes.

This system output information in a form that is useable at all levels of the organization: strategic, tactical, and operational. However, several definitions have been given to Management Information System (MIS) by many authors who might be based on their background… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

• Problems of Management Information System (MIS)

According to Raymond (1989), Management Information System (MIS) was described as a well-coordinated information system, a database that is to provide management with needed information to plan and make decisions. Modern technology has further made the resort to MIS in management imperative because of the changing circumstances and environment.

There is a lack of management involvement in the design and poor appreciation of management support. Finally, it is recommended that organizations, privates, and public, commercial and non-commercial should endeavor to set up an MIS unit in their organizations so that adequate information can be put at the disposal of their management… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Empirical Review

Opeke and Madukoma (2013) carried out a study on Information Use and Job Performance of Senior Non-Academic Staff in Nigerian business organization. A survey design was employed to carry out the study. The population of the study comprised of 112 approved Business organization in Nigeria. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 27 business organizations that took part in the study.

A total of 1, 804 Senior Non-academic Staff was the sample size of the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Out of 1,804 questionnaires distributed, 1,270 were completed and returned. Descriptive statistics such as frequency count, mean, standard deviation, and correlation were used to present the data… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Theoretical Review

• Classical Organization Theory

Classical organization theory evolved during the first half of this century. It represents the merger of scientific management, bureaucratic theory, and administrative theory. Frederick Taylor (1917) developed scientific management theory (often called “Taylorism”) at the beginning of this century. His theory had four basic principles: 1) find the one “best way” to perform each task, 2) carefully match each worker to each task, 3) closely supervise workers, and use reward and punishment as motivators, and 4) the task of management is planning and control.

Initially, Taylor was very successful at improving production. His methods involved getting the best equipment and people and then carefully scrutinizing each component of the production process. By analyzing each task individually, Taylor was able to find the right combinations of factors that yielded large increases in production.… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Fig. 1: Theoretical framework of modeling MIS for business organization

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Introduction

This chapter focuses on the strategies employed to execute the study. It presents the research design, the population and sample selection, method of data collection, and method of data analysis.

Research design

A survey design was adopted for this study. Ebenuwa-Okoh (2011) citing Kerlinger (1993) stated that survey is a descriptive research method aimed at discovering relative incidences, distribution, and inter-relationships of variables. This implies that the survey gathers information about variables, not individuals; the researcher, therefore, examines the opinions, attitudes, or feelings of individuals about a particular problem. This design is considered most appropriate for the study because survey studies utilize questionnaires, observations, tests, and interviews as tools in obtaining information.

Method of Data Collection

For effective and adequate courage of the research findings, the researcher used the following methods:

• Questionnaire Method: This is a lot of structure and segmental questions which are aimed at eliciting relevant data from the respondents to whom it is being administered, for the purpose of simplicity, the researcher decided to adopt the 5 point scale questionnaire format where the respondent can easily make their choice. The questionnaire checklist was designed based mostly on the aspect of material management… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

Introduction

This chapter is devoted to the presentation of analyzed field data and the discussion of findings. The Statistical Package for Social Science (S.P.S.S) enabled the researcher to make relevant interpretations and discussions about the phenomenon under study in relation to the objectives. The main focus of the study is to find the role of information communication technology in the growth and development of SMEs. To aid in the clarity of the presentation, this chapter is divided into two main sections.

The first section presents the analysis and interpretation of the findings, whilst the second section details the discussions of the relevant findings from the study… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Presentation of Data Result

• Age of Respondents

Table 4.1 below indicates the age range of respondents. Out of the total number of respondents, 10 % were aged less than 25years 43.3 % were aged between 25 and 35years, 23.3 % of respondents were aged between 36 and 45years, 16.7 % were aged between 46 and 55years and 6.7 % were aged 55 years and above.

Table 4.1: Age of Respondents

Source: Field Data, January 2020.

This shows that the youth are more inclined to venture into SMEs and also embrace MIS than their older counterparts.

• Sex Distribution of Respondents

As seen from table 4.2, 63.3 % of the respondents are males whiles the remaining 36.7 % of the respondents are females.

Table 4.2. Gender Composition of Respondents

Source: Field Data, January 2020.

Figure 1: Gender Composition of Respondents

Source: Field Data, January 2020

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 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION

Summary

From the findings of the study, most of the SMEs surveyed indicated they are using management information systems against their counterparts who are not using management information systems. The survey also revealed that all the SMEs surveyed are using mobile phones. This figure seems to decrease sharply when it comes to fixed lines and internet as 53.3% indicated they have fixed lines and internet for their SMEs 50% of the respondents indicated they have postal box… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Conclusion

SMEs play an important role in the global economy: they contribute to the GDP and reduction of unemployment, especially in developing countries. Many governments around the world are pushing for SMEs to adopt MIS in order for them to survive in the knowledge economy. The Nigeria Government is no exception. The need for SMEs to adopt MIS is driven by governments, globalization, innovation, flexibility, and competitive advantage.

The adoption of MIS should take into consideration that SMEs are different and thus have different needs for MIS… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Recommendations

In summary, the recommendations for SMEs to overcome barriers and improve implementation of MIS in their businesses for growth and development are as follows:

• Promotion of MIS Education among SMEs

SMEs should invest in educating their staff and management about MIS and its benefits. As training cost is known to be of the impediments towards the development of MIS skills, this will help these SMEs acquire these skills and use them in their work. Training agencies responsible for providing MIS training to SME owners must understand not only how this group of adults learns, but also what the obstacles are that they usually face in learning technology-related subjects.

The government can also come out as a form of its adult literacy program with programs in MIS for the owners of these SMEs must increase its effort to create awareness among SMEs regarding the potential benefits of MIS to small- and medium-sized businesses… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

REFERENCES

Abdulkareem, A. T., Alabi, A. T., Fashiku, C. O., &Akinnubi, O. P. (2012). Management information systems and senior staff job performance in Polytechnics, Kwara State, Nigeria. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 3(4), 55-60.

Ahmed, M.I.(2009). Management Information systems in Business Libraries of Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India .www.htt.mtiazetplores

Aigbavboa, C., &Thwala, W. (2012). An exploration of the use of Delphi methodology in housing satisfaction studies. In: Laryea, Agyepong, Leininger. & Hughes. (Eds). Proceeding, 4th West Africa Built Environment Resources (WABER) Conference, 24-26 July, (Pp147-161), Abuja; Nigeria

Ajayi, I. A., &Omirin, F.F. (2007). The use of management information systems (MIS) in decision-making in the South West Nigerian Business. Business Research and Review, 2(5), 109 -110.

Alabi, A.T (2000).Management Information Systems (MIS) Equipment      Utilization in Federal and State Business in Nigeria. Ilorin Journal of  Business, 20,105-112.

Al-Dhmour, M.A.(2010). Evaluation of the role of management information systems (MIS) in administrative decision-making at the Business of Jordan. Masters Thesis, Business of Utara, Malaysia.

Al-Hadabi, A.S.(2007). Analysis of the environmental concepts in Science textbooks of the basic stage in the Republic of Yemen, PhD Thesis, The National Business of Malaysia.

Allen, B., Heurtebise, A., &Turmbull, J. (2010). Improving information access. Business Management US http://www.busmanagement.com/article/improving-information-access/

Alter,S.(2013). Work System Theory. Overview of Core Concepts, Extensions, and Challenges for the Future. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 14(2), pp.72-121.

Al-zahrani, S. (2006). An information management systems model for industrial incidents in Saudi Arabia. Journal of computer science, 2(5),447-454.

Al-Zahrani, S. (2010). Management information systems role in decision-making during crises: Case study: Journal of Computer Science 6(11).1230-1234. (Management Information System)

American Heritage Dictionary (2000). 4th Edition, Boston:  Houghton Mifflin company. (Management Information System)

Aminu, J, M. (1996). Quality and stress in the Nigerian business. Maiduguri: Northern Nigerian Publishing Company. (Management Information System)

Andersson, A., Hallberg, N., Eriksson, H. ,&Timkpa, T. (2004). A Management information systems model for process – oriented Health care, from http://www.web.cs.mun.ca/-harold/course/old/CS6772/5164Andersson. (Management Information System)

Andrei, S., & Mihai, F. (2009). Solutions for decision support in business management. (Management Information System)

Atulomah,B.C.(2011). Perceived Record Management Practice and Decision-making Among Business Administrators in Nigerian. Library and Practice, 1(1) pp.7-13. (Management Information System)

Auster, E., & Choo, C.W. (1995). Managing information for the competitive edge. New York: Neal Schuman. (Management Information System)

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ABSTRACT

Production skills are a basic element in maintaining the production capacity of an organization is an important function in any production organization. The reprocessing of any organization is made up of both its human and material assets, which are the source of generating revenue and growth. A great deal of production skills is required to harness both the human, machine, materials, money, and assets of a production firm, and stay on top of the business, being a competitive market… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• Production skills

Industries and business organization be it private or public, have one thing in common, the human workforce, this could confidently be said, that organization, will not exist without its human resources, since a business organization cannot even start without a workforce, and effective and efficient skills, will gear the ability of the organization to stand out among its competitors.

Production control is defined by Burbidge (1992). In his book, the principles of production control, “Is the function of management which plans, directs and controls the material supply and processing activities of an enterprise, so that the specified products are produced.  By specific methods to meet an approved sales program. These activities being carried out in such a manner that the labor, plant, and capital available are used to the best advantage.

Poter (2006). In his book, effective entrepreneurship, he is of the view that companies can choose between three general strategies to build competitive advantage a differentiation strategy, a low-cost strategy and third approach, the frequency used by entrepreneurs in focus, or niche strategy. A firm that uses a differentiation strategy competes on the basis of its ability to do things differently than its major competitors do.

Beal, Reginald (2000). In his journal competing for environmental scanning competitive strategy and organizational performance in small manufacturing firms is of the view that pursuit of an effective entrepreneurial strategy is mainly through advantages, has been mapped through the collection and analysis of information from existing and potential customers.

Boxalla (1996) Boxall 1996 defines strategy as a firm’s framework of critical ends and means. This definition helps to make the point clear, that means do not flow unproblematically from ends. Rather the historically developed means to shape what ends are conceivable and possible… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

In the past years, various issues to the effective management of industries and business organizations to gain a competitive advantage over others have been noticed and highlighted as follows:

• Unskilled Labour:

Unskilled labor has been the major problem facing industries and business organization, this is as a result of personnel managers, not recruiting and selecting employees, base on merit, skill, and expertise, but rather on selection based on man know man, a connection of whom you know to get to where you want. Hence, the effect is having the wrong people at the right place and thereby affecting the quality of service or product to be delivered to the market.

In Nigeria today, you will be surprised, seeing somebody who read a different course entirely been employed in a different field. i.e. a mechanical engineer working in the banking sector, such the expected performance will be upturned and unsatisfactorily.

• Technology:

The inability of industries and business organizations to use modern ways to get things done effectively, and efficiently is another major problem. A supplier may be expected to produce technical, particularly during the early stages of design and manufacturing… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Research Objective

The objective of the study is to analyze the impact of production skills in the management of industries/business organizations to portray how far the application of production skills in the management has helped the discipline level.

In this case, therefore, it is important to note that management is a very complex situation because human beings as individuals interact with one another in groups and in a large organization. It is also very important to note that every human behavior has a cause, there is a reason for a person behaving as he does… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

LITERATURE REVIEW

Zilbovicius (1999) indicates that the petroleum industry originated the main production system (Mass, Lean, semi-autonomous groups, enriched groups), and influenced most sectors. Currently, the Brazilian petroleum industry has noticed an evolution of physical production and a number of formal workers (IBGE, 2011), which indicates an opportunity for sharing employees’ knowledge.

‘Blue-collar’ is a profession category related to laborers (Harding and Percival, 2008). It is a workplace designation that defines an employee who performs manual or technical labor, such as in a factory, in contrast to a white-collar worker, who does non-manual work.

Symbolic workers have, in general, some autonomy over their work, making decisions on how to appropriately perform it. Blue collars, in turn, do not have this formal autonomy; their actions and resources are usually predefined. Under such restrictions, they perform activities, internalizing knowledge from procedures, and developing tacit knowledge. Operations performance, and, ultimately, the firm’s performance depends on that knowledge, but there is sparse literature on blue-collar workers, and how they develop and incorporate knowledge in their actions (Muniz Jr.; Nakano; Batista Jr., 2011)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

K-PMM – THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED INTEGRATED PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT MODEL

Muniz Jr., Batista Jr., and Loureiro (2010) indicate that traditional production management models have two dimensions, a human or social dimension represented by the work organization called the W-dimension and, a technical dimension represented by the production organization which is the P dimension.

The P and W-dimensions essentially capture the explicit structure and the behavior of the production management system. Such a system has also a tacit structure that is progressively converted into explicit, as it is better understood. Tacit knowledge exists, it is important, and it needs to be formally included in a model of the production management system, especially to model shop floor environment relationships… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Workers Knowledge And Knowledge Management

Muniz Jr., Nakano and Batista Jr. (2011) indicate that the KM literature can be roughly divided into two perspectives: (a) knowledge as amenable of being stored, combined, and disseminated, and (b) while the other stresses the role of social relations and individual and collective action. To the latter, knowledge is embedded in relationships and cannot be separated from action.

White collars workers have, in general, some autonomy over their work, making decisions on how to perform it. Blue collars in turn do not have that formal autonomy; their activities and resources are usually predefined.

Under such restrictions, they perform activities, internalize knowledge from procedures, and develop tacit knowledge. A standard operation procedure contains information, but the enclosed knowledge in it has no value until it is actually put into practice, and it is enacted by workers. Operations performance and, ultimately, the firm’s performance depends on that knowledge, but the knowledge management basis to blue-collar workers is still a research issue, i.e. how they develop and incorporate knowledge in their actions.

While white collars may have some action over their work environment and thus act to foster knowledge creation and sharing, blue collars do have much less formal autonomy. Their work context is defined by human management practices and operation management techniques on the shop floor. Thus, they ultimately define knowledge creation and sharing.

Eastern operations management techniques were the first to allow some autonomy and discretion to blue collars, demanding them to participate, analyze, and contribute to problem-solving. For instance, housekeeping (5S) and participative problem solving (Kaizen) groups are based on workers’ initiative and participation, and even the use of standard operating procedures in such a context ends up facilitating internalization (Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995)… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Introduction

This chapter discussed the method the researcher followed in carrying out the study. It started by discussing the research design, then the population, sample size and sampling technique, sources and method of data collection, variable measurement, validity and reliability, data collection method,  method of data analysis, and lastly, justification of the method used.

Research Design

The study adopts a survey research design which is cross-sectional in nature. Primary data were collected from the population of the study using a survey questionnaire. This type of research design is adopted because the information about the independent variables and dependent variable represents what is going on at only one point in time. Data were collected from the population of the study using a survey questionnaire and analyzed to report the finding at a point in time… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Population of the Study

The population of the study consists of 201 PPMCs managers operating their businesses within Kaduna state as at 2015 and are registered with PPMC.

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Introduction    

This chapter analyses the data collected from managers of PPMCs in Kaduna state. In order to achieve the main objective of this research which is to investigate the effect of production skill on the performance of PPMCs, production skills, production model, and production orientation were used as independent variables against PPMCs performance. The hypotheses will be tested and the findings will be explained.

Data Presentation

A total of 174 copies of questionnaires was distributed and 162 (93%) were retrieved. Data screening was carried out on 162 retrieved questionnaires, out of which 144 (83%) were found to be useful because they have been correctly filled. Thus, the analysis was based on 144 filled and returned questionnaires which represent 83% of the total questionnaires distributed, a response rate considered sufficient for statistical reliability and generalization (Tabachnick & Fidell, cited in Aminu, 2014).

Table 4.1: Summary of the Responses

Source: SPSS Output, 2015

Descriptive Statistics

This section presents the descriptive statistics of the demographic model, the dependent and independent variables of this study. The demographic model includes; gender, nature of the business, number of years in business, number of employees, and educational qualifications of the respondents. The variables are production skills, production model and production orientation, and PPMCs performance. The rule for this analysis is that any mean responses of 1-2.49, 2.50-3.49, and 3.50-5.00 are rated below average, average, and above-average respectively, while the analysis of the demographic model is based on percentage.

Table 4.2 Gender of the respondents

The table below represents the respondents’ gender;

Source: SPSS Output 2015

Table 4.2 shows the gender of the respondents. The totals of 124 of the respondents representing 86.1% are male while only 20 representing 13.9% are female. This shows that the male gender is the dominant gender among entrepreneurs in Kaduna State. The low participation on the part of the women may be attributed to culture, values, and norms which may hinder women from fully participating in business activities… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

• Conclusion

The findings revealed that production skills have a significant positive effect on the performance of PPMCs. Therefore, this study concluded that in order to achieve business performance, entrepreneurs need to acquire the planning, organizing, leading, and controlling skills.

The production model also has a significant positive effect on the performance of PPMCs in Kaduna state. This implies that the more an entrepreneur possesses a production model in the areas of locus of control, self-efficacy and risk-taking; the higher the performance of PPMCs. Therefore, this study concluded that the production model generally lead to higher performance of PPMCs in Kaduna state… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

Recommendations

In line with the findings and conclusion of the study, the following recommendations were made:

1. Based on the finding which reported that production skills in areas of planning, organizing, leading and controlling have a significant positive effect on the performance of PPMCs, entrepreneurs should, therefore, be encouraged to acquire as well as engage in planning, organizing, leading and controlling activities so as to improve the performance of their businesses… (Scroll down for the link to get the Complete Chapter One to Five Project Material)

References

Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Anfavea). Available at http://www.anfavea.com.br/anuario. html. Accessed at 12/12/2010.

Bartezzaghi, E. (1999). The evolution of production models: is a new paradigm emerging?, International Journal of Operations & Production Management, vol. 19 no. 2, pp. 229-250.

Biazzo, S., and Panizzollo, R. (2000). The assessment of Work Organization in Lean Production: the relevance of the worker’s perspective, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, vol. 11 no. 1, pp. 6-15.

Bisalyaputra, K. (2004), “Knowledge transfer as a sustainable competitive advantage”, in International Engineering Management Conference proceedings of IEEE, pp. 536-540.

Darrah, C. N. (1995). Workplace training, workplace learning: a case study, Human Organization, vol. 54 no. 1, pp. 31-41.

Easterby-Smith, M. (1997), Discipline of Organizational Learning: Contributions and Critiques, Human Relations, vol. 50 no. 9, pp. 1085-1113.

Emery, F. (1959), Characteristics of Socio-Technical Systems. Tavistock Institute Document no. 527, London, UK.

Emiliani, M. L. (1998). Lean behaviors. Management Decision, vol. 36 no. 9, pp. 615-631.

Erden, Z.; von Krogh, G. and Nonaka, I. (2008). The quality of group tacit knowledge. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, vol. 17 no. 1, pp. 4-18. (Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)

Garvin, D. A. (1993). Building a Learning Organization, Harvard Business Review, vol. 71 no. 4, pp. 78-90. (Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)

Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Available at http://www.sidra.ibge.gov.br . Accessed at 15/06/2011. (Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)(Production Skills)

Kulkarni, U. R.; Ravindran, S.; Freeze, R. (2007). A Knowledge Management success Model: Theoretical development and empirical validation, Journal of Management Information Systems, vol. 23 no. 3, pp. 309-347.

Muniz Jr., J. (2007). Modelo conceitual de Gestão de Produção baseado na Gestão do Conhecimento: um estudo no ambiente operário da indústria automotiva. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharia Mecânica, linha de Gestão e Otimização) – Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2007. Available at http://www.athena.biblioteca.unesp.br/exlibris/bd/beg/33004080027P6/2007/munizjuniorjdrguara.pdf. Accessed at 20/09/2011

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• Expert Guidance: Our Writers aid you to understand complicated assignments, task and projects and make sure they are effectively structured.

• Deadline Management: We know the final work load in the final year is a collection of extremely heterogeneous tasks, hiring our research project writer is therefore a proper way to ensure compliance with deadlines without discussion on his/her quality.
• Improved Quality: Our Professional researchers and writers will improve the quality of your writing to make it apparent, logical and properly referenced.

Research Project Writers

Research projects require meticulous planning, analysis, and presentation. Our Professional research project writers simplify the process by offering:

1. In-Depth Research

We study your subject in order to provide informative and data-driven manuscripts.

2. Customized Approach

Our writers tailor projects in relation to your selected grade levels and your institution requirements to guarantee compliance and high quality.

3. Problem-Solving Expertise

Ranging from literature reviews to methodology and data analysis, our group of reserchers provides guidance on every step of a research project, and thereby guarantees academic success.

Best Research Proposal Writers

Research proposal is very important and accuracy and ease of reading are required. Hiring a research proposal writer ensures:

• Clear Objectives: They help articulate your research goals and questions effectively.

• Comprehensive Literature Review: Researchers identify the gaps in the research, which leads to a strong case for undertaking the study.

• Professional Presentation: Your proposal will be clearly and compellingly structured so as to increase the chances of approval.

Dissertation Proposal Writer

A dissertation proposal demands critical thinking, research skills and the ability to write academically. Our Professional dissertation proposal writers excel in:

1. Topic Selection Assistance

Selecting a topic which is not only meaningful but also achievable is very important and authors offer their authoritative advice.

2. Proposal Structuring

They organize your reasoning in a logical, coherent way based on academic prmoduction (e.g., pboncs, sops, and smisc).

3. Focus on Feasibility

Researchers assess the feasibility of your proposed study assessing the possibility of carrying out your proposed study given the existing resources and time limitation.

How to Hire a Project Writer in Nigeria

It can be quite simple to hire a project writer, just follow these steps:.

1. Evaluate Expertise Look for writers with proven experience in your field of study
2. Check Reviews and Testimonials Platforms like Premium Researchers provide reliable reviews and client feedback
3. Discuss Expectations Indicate your project needs, timelines, and budget prior to undertaking.
4. Review Samples Request samples to assess the quality and relevance of their previous work.

Benefits of Hiring Professional Writers for Academic Projects

1. Stress Reduction: Naturally, if you subcontract your project to a professional the focus can be shifted to other tasks.

2. High-Quality Work: Our academic writers guarantee top-notch, plagiarism-free content.

3. Cost-Effectiveness: Time saved frequently more than compensates the expense of hiring an academic writer.

4. Academic Growth: A well-executed project can enhance your knowledge and grades.

Why Premium Researchers is the Best Choice

Premium Researchers stands out as a leading platform for academic project writing services in Nigeria. Their unique features include:

• Experienced Writers: A team of specialists in diverse academic fields.

• Comprehensive Services: From research proposals to final year projects and dissertations.

• Affordable Rates: Competitive pricing without compromising on quality.

• Dedicated Support: Round-the-clock assistance to address your queries.

Frequently Asked Questions About Hiring Writers

1. How much does it cost to hire a project writer in Nigeria?

The cost of hiring a project writer depends on several factors: your academic level, project scope, research complexity, and required timeline. Rather than a one-size-fits-all cost estimate, we prefer to first understand your specific needs and give you a tailored quotation for work that best fits within your budget. Do contact us for a personalized consultation.

Give us a call: (+234) 813 2546 417  Email us: contact@premiumresearchers.com 

WhatsApp: +23408132546417

2. What is the qualification of your project writers in Nigeria?

Our project writers are the best of the best in terms of academic excellence in Nigeria. Every writer must go through our very strict selection process, ensuring that they are not only holders of advanced degrees but also excellent researchers and writers. We work with writers holding at least Master’s degrees in their respective fields; a large number of them have earned their PhDs from prestigious institutions. Apart from academic qualifications, our writers have years of practical experience in academic writing and research methodology. We regularly appraise their work through client feedback and peer review systems. This quality assurance means that whether you want help with an undergraduate project or a doctoral dissertation, your work is handled by someone who has the appropriate level of expertise and experience.

3. How will you ensure the quality of final year project writing?

Our Quality assurance in final year project writing is holistic and multi-layered. First, every project begins with extensive research using credible academic sources and databases. Our writers will develop a detailed project outline that is sure to meet your university guidelines and your specific requirements. Systematic quality checks through the writing process ensure that everything, from the validity of the research to consistency in formatting, is addressed. All projects are stringently screened through multiple plagiarism detection tools to ensure originality. The company is particularly meticulous in methodology development, data analysis, and integration with current research findings. Our quality assurance team will evaluate each project for academic rigor, coherence in argument, proper citation practices—all those minute details to make sure your final-year project stands at the highest possible standard.

4. What all-around assistance do research project authors offer?

Our research project writers go much beyond basic writing services. They assist you initially in developing a strong conceptual framework for your research; this ensures that your project is theoretically well-grounded. Writers can help develop intricate research methodologies in line with your research objectives, both qualitative and quantitative in nature. They will direct you to the appropriate selection of methods for your research questions and implement them. Advanced statistical analysis and interpretation of the findings are supported by it, developing meaningful conclusions. Our writers know how to develop literature reviews that are intriguing, synthesizing current research in your field and showing gaps in knowledge and how important your study will be.

5. Can research proposal writers help with topic selection?

Our research proposal writers are good at helping students go through the very important step of topic selection. This is where in-depth analysis of current trends in your field is involved, and where research gaps offering opportunities to make meaningful contributions are identified. The writers also perform preliminary literature surveys to ensure that your chosen topic has sufficient academic resources yet remains original enough to contribute new knowledge. They consider issues of data availability, time scale of research, and resource needs to make sure that your proposal is sufficiently ambitious but feasible. Our writers can also help to align your topic with departmental preferences and current academic trends to increase the likelihood of approval.

6. How do dissertation proposal writers handle revisions?

Our dissertation proposal revision process is thorough and very client-centric. The writers will keep all channels of communication open throughout the project to afford an opportunity for continuous feedback and adjustment. We realize that a dissertation proposal often involves several iterations as you receive comments from supervisors and committee members. Our writers will meticulously analyze all types of feedback, incorporating such suggestions while keeping the proposal coherent and academically sound. If suggested structural changes or further content, our writers will make sure that these adjustments fit the overall research objectives and academic standards. The revising process is done until your proposal has fulfilled all requirements and has been approved.

7. What is your process for maintaining confidentiality?

The professional relationship with our clients is based on confidentiality. Strong security measures are put in place for every part of your project and personal information. All writers of a project sign a comprehensive nondisclosure agreement before any client materials can be viewed. Our communication system guarantees your discussions with writers are always private and secure. Using enterprise-grade encryption for storing and transferring documents means we ensure your research materials and personal data stay confidential. Our commitment to privacy goes further than the completion of your project, since we handle the data retention policy, which protects your interest in the long run. This systemized approach towards confidentiality earned us the trust of academic institutions and researchers throughout Nigeria.

8 Do you offer specialized support for different academic fields?

Our network of project writers spans the entire academic spectrum, offering specialized expertise in diverse disciplines. In the sciences, our writers have extensive laboratory research experience; they understand complex experimental methodologies. Our experts in business and management projects come with practical experience in the industry alongside theoretical knowledge. Our writers in the humanities and social sciences excel at qualitative research and theoretical analysis. Engineering project writers combine technical expertise with practical problem-solving approaches. Our legal project writers stay current with developments under Nigerian law and international jurisdiction. This specialized approach assures your project is carried out with field-specific knowledge and methodologies, hence resulting in work that evidences understanding of the unique needs and standards of your discipline.

9. What distinguishes your project writers in Nigeria from others?

Our standout project writers in Nigeria stand out for an exceptional synthesis of academic and practical excellence. They keep themselves abreast of current methodologies in research and academic trends through attendance at continuous professional development programs. They have in-depth knowledge of the requirements of universities in Nigeria, earned through years of successful completion of projects across different institutions. Our writers are strong in both the development of the theoretical framework and the implementation of practical research. Advanced analytical skills and application of current research tools and databases ensure full coverage of your topic. Furthermore, our writers understand the nuanced requirements at different academic levels, from undergraduate projects to doctoral dissertations, and tune their approach accordingly to deliver appropriate depth and sophistication in their work.

10. How do you handle urgent project requests?

Only outstanding organization and resources can handle urgent projects well, which we have honed through years of experience. In managing time-sensitive projects, we first carry out a detailed feasibility assessment to ensure that we can deliver quality work within the given time frame. Our project coordinators develop tailored schedules in consideration of all major components of the project yet keeping the standards of quality intact. We can appoint our senior writers specialized in generating fastest delivery without compromising on the academic rigor. For especially intricate urgent projects, we adopt a teamwork approach where several experts work on various components simultaneously. During the urgent project period, we maintain an increased communication frequency in order to ensure that all deadlines and quality benchmarks are met.

11. What ongoing support is available during the project writing process?

Our support system is an ongoing partnership during your project’s development. You will be assigned a project coordinator as your point of contact with each customer. This coordinator ensures easy communication between you and the writer, so all your requirements and feedback are accurately understood and incorporated. Regular progress reviews are scheduled for you to review the project’s direction and make alterations.  Technical support is always available for complex analyses or implementation of methodologies. Writers provide detailed explanations of their approaches and decisions so that you can understand and explain every aspect of your project. This in-depth support makes sure that you are always fully involved with and informed about the development of your project.

12.• How do you ensure originality within research writing?

Originality within academic writing is complex and many-layered. Our process begins with in-depth topic exploration, finding unique angles and fresh perspectives from your field of study. Conducting a literature review enables writers to grasp the existing research and sincerely identify gaps in knowledge. They will develop original theoretical frameworks that build upon, rather than simply repeat, existing scholarship. Our methodology design process focuses on innovation and academic rigor. All written content undergoes multiple originality checks using various plagiarism detection tools. References and citations are duly checked and formatted according to the required academic styles. All this painstaking effort ensures that your work will be one that truly contributes to the field while upholding the highest standards of academic integrity.

Internal Links and Resources

To further explore professional writing services, check out these resources:

• Hire an Online Project Writer
• Why Hire a Premium Researcher
• Research Proposal Writing Service
• Six Reasons You Should Hire a Project Writer
• Professional Law Project Writer
• Best content writing service

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

background to study

The efficacy of teaching is defined as the use of skills and various teaching tactics to communicate information to learners (students) in order to accomplish educational goals and objectives within the school system. Ko, Sammons, and Bakkum (2013) defined teaching effectiveness as the capacity to increase students’ accomplishment scores while taking a baseline measure of the students’ intake into consideration. Thus, the efficiency of instructors is determined in connection to students’ development as evaluated by subsequent achievement of learning outcomes.

Effective instructors develop connections with their students that foster a sense of security and engagement. Additionally, competent instructors monitor students’ progress on a continuous or progressive basis and utilize the data to enhance their instruction. As a result, the instructor is required to maximize the learning environment (Peretomode 2004). A teacher’s teaching abilities must be enhanced and his or her knowledge and methods updated in order to remain successful and relevant in the educational system (Nkang2002& Al and Malik, 2012). Thus, among other things, teaching efficacy is determined by student accomplishment.

The quality of education is seen in students’ accomplishment, which is significantly impacted by teachers’ performance (effectiveness), which is strongly influenced by principals’ managing abilities. This fact demonstrates that management abilities are those that a principal must possess in order to effectively manage teachers, pupils, and other material resources inside the school system (Kochlar 2005, Sya, Joni and Mohammed 2018).

Mintzberg (2010) defines a manager as “someone who has influence over others in an organization” in Paturusi (2017). It might be the president, prime minister, administrative official, headmistress/master, director, or chief executive officer of an organization, among others. In this scenario, the principal is the secondary school’s management. A principal must possess a number of characteristics in order to successfully manage a secondary school. The principalship in secondary education dates all the way back to 1887, when the government started financing, establishing, and owning certain secondary schools in response to the 1887 Education Ordinance (Muraina 2014, Ibia 2011).

The management abilities of administrators are critical in enhancing the efficacy of teachers’ actions. Fagbamiye (2004) said in Egboka, Ezeugbor, and Enueme (2013) that the principal is primarily an organizer and implementer of educational plans, policies, and programs. Thus, a significant component of a principal’s managerial abilities is comprised of the following: communication skills, supervisory skills, interpersonal interaction skills, disciplinary skills, and time management skills.

Communication skills are critical for a school manager to have when it comes to the information management system at that level of education. Cole (2004) and Nwaoku (2005) argue that information should flow easily downhill, upward, and sideways so that management and employees are informed and productive while also fostering good connections between people and units of the organization. The principal is supposed to handle information effectively among staff members and pupils in the school system.

Onuma (2016) said that monitoring fosters teachers’ professional development. Principals, on the other hand, are the general instructional supervisors of school programs. This ability contributes to teachers’ efficiency in the classroom and the academic achievement of the school.

Interpersonal interaction ability is critical to the organization’s effectiveness in achieving its goals. According to HosseinpourTamimi, HosseinpourHarshami, and Jafarzadeh (2014), the key to a good work environment is fostering healthy interpersonal relationships among coworkers, subordinates, and superiors. Interpersonal skills include communication, the ability to influence others, conflict management, the ability to motivate others, and group skills such as empowerment, team building, and transfer of authority (Khan, Khan, Din & Khan, 2015).

Disciplinary ability is critical for the organization’s efficiency, since higher profits are obtained in a climate free of conflict and rancour. In situations of disciplinary violations, the management (principal) must choose the most suitable type of consequence (Kamete 2014). When there is discipline in an organization, there is self-control and obedience to established norms and regulations. This contributes to a positive work environment and increased productivity.

In school organization, time management ability refers to the accuracy with which time is controlled effectively via the use of a timetable. The term “timetable” refers to the exact arrangement of planned activities inside a given time period with the purpose of fulfilling the school system’s academic objectives. Time management, according to Akomolafe (2011) in Akomolafe (2013), is the skill of planning, organizing, scheduling, and budgeting one’s time for a specific activity in the educational system in order to generate more effective work and production. Thus, this ability should be held by the principal if the administration’s primary emphasis remains on teaching effectiveness and academic accomplishment in the classroom.

The Problem’s Description
Teachers’ success is measured in terms of topic understanding, classroom management, cordial relationships with students, and class discipline, among other factors, in order to accomplish the anticipated learning results; therefore, school effectiveness. Whereas the lack of these characteristics results in decreased teacher effectiveness, as seen by tardiness to class and work, poor lesson presentation, irregular and unauthorized movement from duty station, intolerance, and absenteeism, among other indicators. However, it has been observed that principals’ managerial skills can help sustain teachers’ effectiveness in the school system, particularly when the principals demonstrate managerial skills such as communication, supervision, interpersonal relationship management, disciplinary management, and time management.

According to studies, the majority of instructors have a lackadaisical approach toward teaching, a strained connection between students and teachers, poor student evaluation, and tardiness to class. These sentiments indicate that such instructors are inefficient and unproductive in carrying out their official responsibilities. The researcher is about to evaluate the impact of principals’ management abilities on teachers’ teaching efficacy in public secondary schools in Akwa Ibom State’s Etinan Local Government Area.

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ABSTRACT

The study evaluates the impact of timely release of results on student academic performance in business education. It evaluates the nature of the academic result and the significance of its timely release.

It emphasizes the impact on student’s academic performance and as a measure for corrective and early study preparation. The study is especially significant because it provides an assessment guide for both students and teachers on the importance of the timely release of academic results.

INTRODUCTION

Academic results are used to provide feedback on students’ performance on subject or course examinations.

People must receive both affirming and corrective feedback in order to learn. Feedback, defined as information on the outcomes of one’s efforts, motivates students to improve when it is clear, specific, and timely. Because feedback is frequently associated with grading that follows assigned work or assessment activities, Walvoord and Anderson define grading as “..

.tailoring the test or assignment to the learning goals of the course… providing feedback so that students can grow as thinkers and writers, communicating about students’ learning to appropriate audiences, and using results to plan classroom improvements…”

As a result, assessment provides feedback to both students and teachers. In contrast, the absence of timely and useful feedback reduces interest in learning. When instructors provide prompt feedback to students, followed by discussion of incorrect responses, they are employing one of the most powerful predictors of positive student outcomes.

Walberg’s meta-analysis of studies on educational interventions that had the greatest impact on student achievement in K-12 classrooms discovered that feedback and corrective instruction was one of the most effective. A few years later, higher education made prompt feedback one of its “seven principles for good practice in undergraduate education.”

“Knowing what you know and don’t know focuses learning,” the authors explain. To benefit from courses, students must receive appropriate feedback on their performance.” Recent research on the human brain suggests that we are biologically programmed to seek and use feedback.

1.1 THE STUDY’S BACKGROUND

If students are to benefit from feedback, it must not only be timely and frequent, but also useful for improving performance by addressing three areas: what students did well, what students need to improve on, and how to improve. Feedback can take many forms, including formative, summative, individual, group, written, coded comments, and charts and rubrics of essential assignment characteristics.

Although detailed feedback is important, it may be even more important to provide it on time. However, it is also important to encourage students to carefully read and apply feedback. The study intends to provide an analysis of the impact of timely release of results on student academic performance in business education.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The timely release of academic results has long been a source of concern not only for students but also for the larger academic community.

Delays in the release of results lower student morale and overall academic performance.

The research problem is determining the timely release of results and academic performance of students in business education.

1.3 QUESTION FOR RESEARCH

1 What is the nature of academic outcomes?

1 What constitutes a timely release of results?

2 What effect does timely release of results have on students’ academic performance in business education?

1.4 THE RESEARCH’S OBJECTIVE

1 To assess the nature of the academic result

2 To assess the impact of timely release of results on student performance in business education.

1.5 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE RESEARCH

The study will examine the impact of timely release of results on students’ academic performance in business education.

It will serve as a resource for students, teachers, lecturers, and academicians.

1.6 THEORY OF THE HYPOTHESIS

1 Ho The rate of results being released on time is high.

Hi The rate of results being released on time is low.

2 Students’ academic performance in business education is poor.

Students in business education have excellent academic performance.

3 Ho The impact of timely release of results on student performance is minimal.

Hi The impact of timely release of results on student performance is significant.

1.7 THE STUDY’S OBJECTIVE

The study focuses on the evaluation of timely release of results and its impact on student performance in business education.

1.8 TERMS

DEFINED RESULT

Academic results are used to provide feedback on students’ performance on subject or course examinations.

People must receive both affirming and corrective feedback in order to learn. Feedback, defined as information on the outcomes of one’s efforts, motivates students to improve when it is clear, specific, and timely.

DEFINED PERFORMANCE

A task’s completion measured against known preset standards of accuracy, completeness, cost, and speed.

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STUDENT ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND RESULT RELEASE IN BUSINESS EDUCATION